Fertility rate

Fertility rate — births per woman — a continuous annual series from 1960 to 2024.

World Bank, World Development Indicators (SP.DYN.TFRT.IN).

Time slider. Steps tightened around the demographic replacement threshold (roughly 2.1 children per woman), where most countries cluster, wider above 3.5.

Somalia (6.13 children per woman) remains one of the few countries still well above the replacement threshold, while a growing majority of countries — including in East Asia and Southern Europe — now sit well below it, a global demographic shift completed in just two or three generations where it took six or seven in Western Europe.