Oil, gas, coal, minerals, forests · % of GDP · annual 2000–{{year}} · World Bank WDI · {{count}} countries
Natural resource rents: the value of oil, gas, coal, mineral and forest output minus the cost of extracting it, as a share of GDP. It is the pure profit the subsoil provides, with no processing involved.
World Bank WDI series. The calculation depends on world prices: identical physical output yields a rent that doubles or collapses with the price of a barrel, without a single well changing.
This map is the best diagnostic of the resource curse. A very high rent marks an economy whose budget depends on a price it does not control, and where industry struggles against an overvalued currency.
Above 30% of GDP, diversified economies are left behind: Congo-Brazzaville, Libya, Iraq and Kuwait qualify depending on the year. Norway is the counter-proof: a comparable rent, but placed in a sovereign wealth fund rather than spent, which insulates the budget from oil cycles.